[spring] 스프링 입문 - >순수 JDBC

이 글은 인프런의 김영한 강사님의 스프링 입문- 코드로 배우는 스프링 부트, 웹 MVC, DB 접근 기술의 강의 내용을 바탕으로 작성되었습니다.

[무료] 스프링 입문 - 코드로 배우는 스프링 부트, 웹 MVC, DB 접근 기술 - 인프런 | 강의

자바에서 H2 데이터베이스에 접근하려면 관련 라이브리를 추가해야된다.

• build.gradle 이동
• spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/test 추가
• spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.h2.Driver

그 이후 기존에 MemberRepositroy에 관한 인터페이스를 만들어 놨으니, 이것에 따른 구현체를 만들면된다.

reposityory -> JdbcMemberRepository 클래스 생성

package hello.hellospring.repository;

import hello.hellospring.domain.Member;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceUtils;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

public class JdbcMemberRepository implements MemberRepository {

    private final DataSource dataSource;        //DB에 접속하려면 추가해야딤

    public JdbcMemberRepository(DataSource dataSource){
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }
    @Override
    public Member save(Member member) {
        String sql = "insert into member(name) values(?)";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql, Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
            pstmt.setString(1, member.getName());
            pstmt.executeUpdate();          //이때 실제 쿼리가 날라감
            rs = pstmt.getGeneratedKeys();      //ID 값을 반환해줌

            if (rs.next()) {
                member.setId(rs.getLong(1));
            } else {
                throw new SQLException("id 조회 실패");
            }
            return member;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);         //꼭해줘야됨 아니면 커낵션 세션이 계속 유지가 됨
        }
    }
    @Override
    public Optional<Member> findById(Long id) {
        String sql = "select * from member where id = ?";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            pstmt.setLong(1, id);

            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
            
            if(rs.next()) {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                return Optional.of(member);
            } else {
                return Optional.empty();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        } }
    @Override
    public List<Member> findAll() {
        String sql = "select * from member";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();

            List<Member> members = new ArrayList<>();
            while(rs.next()) {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                members.add(member);
            }
            return members;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }
    @Override
    public Optional<Member> findByName(String name) {
        String sql = "select * from member where name = ?";
        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            conn = getConnection();
            pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            pstmt.setString(1, name);
            rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
            if(rs.next()) {
                Member member = new Member();
                member.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
                member.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                return Optional.of(member);
            }

            return Optional.empty();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(e);
        } finally {
            close(conn, pstmt, rs);
        }
    }
    private Connection getConnection() {
        return DataSourceUtils.getConnection(dataSource);
    }
    private void close(Connection conn, PreparedStatement pstmt, ResultSet rs)
    {
        try {
            if (rs != null) {
                rs.close();
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } try {
        if (pstmt != null) {
            pstmt.close();
        }
    } catch (SQLException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
        try {
            if (conn != null) {
                close(conn);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } }
    private void close(Connection conn) throws SQLException {
        DataSourceUtils.releaseConnection(conn, dataSource);

    }
}

이후에 springConfig클래스에 Bean에 등록했던 memberRepository를 방금 생성한 JdbcMemberRepositroy로 변경해준다

package hello.hellospring;

import hello.hellospring.repository.JdbcMemberRepository;
import hello.hellospring.repository.MemberRepository;
import hello.hellospring.repository.MemoryMemberRepository;
import hello.hellospring.service.MemberService;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {

    private DataSource dataSource;

    public SpringConfig(DataSource dataSource){
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    public MemberService memberService(){
        return new MemberService(memberRepository());
    }

    @Bean
    public MemberRepository memberRepository(){

//        return new MemoryMemberRepository();
        return new JdbcMemberRepository(dataSource);
    }
}

현재 설정된 구조

스프링의 DI (Dependencies Injection)을 사용하면 기존 코드를 전혀 손대지 않고, 설정만으로 구현 클래스를 변경할 수 있다.